Птгниский монастырь

VISITOR INORMATION

Coordinates: 40°15'24" N, 44°35'06" E
Access: Located in the center of Ptghni village, surrounded by residential buildings.
Era: Early Medieval

OVERVIEW

The Ptghni Monastery (also known as Ptghnavank, Ptghni Temple), located in the picturesque Ptghni village in the Kotayk region of Armenia, is a remarkable testament to early medieval Armenian architecture. Despite its partially ruined state, the monastery's intricate designs and historical significance make it a must-visit for history enthusiasts and architecture lovers alike.

The Ptghni Monastery dates back to the early medieval period and is considered one of the finest examples of Armenian domed hall architecture. The temple marks the culmination of the development of this architectural style, featuring a rectangular layout typical of Armenian three-nave basilicas. Built on the site of an older church, remnants of the ancient structure can still be observed, such as the toothed cornice integrated into the altar wall and reused stones on the southern facade, dating back to the 5th and 6th centuries.

ARCHITECTURAL FEATURES

• Layout: The monastery has a rectangular hall measuring 15.7 x 30.4 meters, with a prayer hall of 10.3 x 23.8 meters, stretching from east to west. The structure includes two pairs of massive masonry elements protruding from the longitudinal walls.
• Materials: Constructed from reddish and ash-purple tuff, the temple showcases the skilled craftsmanship of its builders, with marks of the artisans still visible on the stones.
• Dome and Vaults: The transition to the dome was achieved using trompes, while the eastern wall features triangular niches. The upper tabernacle is semicircular, adding to the grandeur of the structure.
• Decorations: The monastery is renowned for its rich sculptural decorations, including vegetative and geometric ornaments, cruciform sculptures, and depictions of birds and jugs. Notable carvings include:
  • Lion and Palm Tree: A red tufa slab near the southern entrance depicts a lion under a palm tree, with two rams at its feet, likely part of the "Daniel in the Lion's Den" scene. This motif, rare in Armenian art, highlights the exceptional craftsmanship of the period.
  • Ascension of Christ: This scene is carved on the arch of the south window, alongside battle scenes between a man and an animal.
  • Grapevine: An incomplete image of a grapevine, carved upside down, adds to the temple's intricate details.

PRESERVATION AND CONSERVATION

The exact period of the temple's destruction is unknown. By the second half of the 19th century, only the eastern and northern walls were standing. Conservation efforts began in 1939-1940, with significant work done in 1959 to remove dilapidated structures and improve the monument's surroundings. Further enhancements were made in 1978.

LOCAL LEGEND AND CULTURAL CONTEXT

The name "Ptghni," meaning "full of fruit" in Armenian, reflects the village's historical abundance of fruit trees, including grapes, pears, and apples. This connection to nature is also immortalized in the monastery's carvings, showcasing the rich cultural heritage of the region.